- Increase in use of commuter railway stations
- Increased cost of housing in the area
- Construction of new housing or renovation of farm buildings
Causes
- Overcrowding in cities
- Lower crime rates
- Lower cost of living
- Less pollution
- Better sense of community
- Perceived better quality of life
Effects
Positives
- Light industry may develop e.g. B&Bs, bistros
- Primary schools may flourish if more families move in
- Supports local facilities
- Businesses attracted to area
Negatives
- Inner city areas left derelict
- Increased congestion
- House prices pushed up so when local people want to move in the area they may not be able to afford it
- Too much growth then the area may lose its charm
Management
- Congestion e.g. In Sevenoaks they are adapting road layouts and pedestrian crossings to ensure a smoother flow of traffic
- Parking e.g. adding park and ride systems, increasing parking spaces by the station, encouraging people to walk or cycle
- Affordable housing e.g. Sevenoaks, developing a large housing estate 3 miles away in Halstead so there are cheaper homes in the area
Case study - St Ives, Cambridgeshire
- Small town located 70km north if London
- Regular trains to London and Cambridge makes commuting very easy
- A large population of the town are employed outside of town
- Shops and services in the town has altered to fit the new demographic of young professionals. So there are more restaurants as well as more estate agents.
- Traffic congestion has increased, especially during rush hour on the A14
- Average price houses are rapidly increasing
- Increased pressure on local schools. However, to fix this there are plans to expand schools adding 240 new places
- New developments are having to be built on the River Great Ouse floodplain. Flood protection in this area is costing £8.8million
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